In your function L(int x)
If x is 0 or 1
return 1;
If x is greater than 1
return L(x-1) + L(x-2) + 1;
What I am doing using L(x - 1) is calling the function for the value x - 1 and the value will be evaluated directly as 1 if it is 0 or 1, otherwise it call again for (x - 1) - 1 i.e. x - 2 and the process repeats.
Same is the case for calling L(x - 2).
This is the logic, without the entire code.
For more information on this kind of logic, try searching for Recursion.
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solved What is the logic to find out Leonardo number in C programming? [closed]