This is a ternary operator the way it works is :
   condition ? (things to do if true) : (things to do if false);
In your code what it does is :
if value of  Math.random() - 0.5 < 0 
   then assign change a values of -5 
else 
    assign change a value of 5.
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solved What does the colon “:” and the question mark “?” operators do? [duplicate]