This is a ternary operator the way it works is :
condition ? (things to do if true) : (things to do if false);
In your code what it does is :
if value of Math.random() - 0.5 < 0
then assign change a values of -5
else
assign change a value of 5.
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solved What does the colon “:” and the question mark “?” operators do? [duplicate]