[Solved] What can I do to remove or minimize this code duplication that will provide the same functionality and behavior?

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You can make use of CRTP. Add a templated second base class to hold the ID handling code.

template <class T>
class ComponentID {
public:
    ComponentID(std::string &id_) {
        // Same as updateID above
    }
};

class Wire: public Component, ComponentID<Wire> {
public:
    Wire(const std::string& name = "Wire") : Component(name), ComponentID(id_) {
    }
    // ...
};

template<size_t BusSize>
class Bus : public Component, ComponentID<Bus<BusSize>> {
    public:
        explicit Bus(const std::string& name = "Bus") : Component(name), ComponentID(id_) {
            createBus();
        }
        // ...
};

We’re passing in the id_ field from the Component base class to the ComponentID constructor so that it can be updated without having to change the access to id.

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solved What can I do to remove or minimize this code duplication that will provide the same functionality and behavior?