sed is your friend. The result can be stored in a new file.
Give a try to this tested command below:
sed s/,/\',\'/ file.txt > result.txt
The sed man page contains information.
The test output:
$ cat input.txt
apple,orange,house
foo,bar,woops
$ sed s/,/\',\'/ input.txt > result.txt
$ cat result.txt
apple','orange,house
foo','bar,woops
solved Replacing first occurrence of comma in unix shell script