Here is a sample app that demonstrates how to do this.
This example uses setTextFill() and setFont() inside the setCellFactory method.
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.geometry.Insets;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.TableCell;
import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn;
import javafx.scene.control.TableView;
import javafx.scene.control.cell.PropertyValueFactory;
import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.text.Font;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.util.Callback;
public class Main extends Application {
    private final TableView<Person> table = new TableView<>();
    private final ObservableList<Person> data =
            FXCollections.observableArrayList(new Person("A", "B"));
    final HBox hb = new HBox();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) {
        Scene scene = new Scene(new Group());
        stage.setWidth(450);
        stage.setHeight(550);
        TableColumn firstNameCol = new TableColumn("First Name");
        firstNameCol.setMinWidth(100);
        firstNameCol.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("firstName"));
        //Newly added code
        firstNameCol.setCellFactory(new Callback<TableColumn, TableCell>() {
            @Override
            public TableCell call(TableColumn param) {
                return new TableCell<Person, String>() 
                {
                    @Override
                    public void updateItem(String item, boolean empty) {
                        super.updateItem(item, empty);
                        if(isEmpty())
                        {
                            setText("");
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            setTextFill(Color.RED);
                            setFont(Font.font ("Verdana", 20));
                            setText(item);
                        }
                    }
                };
            }
        });
        TableColumn lastNameCol = new TableColumn("Last Name");
        lastNameCol.setMinWidth(100);
        lastNameCol.setCellValueFactory(
                new PropertyValueFactory<>("lastName"));
        lastNameCol.setCellFactory(new Callback<TableColumn, TableCell>() {
            @Override
            public TableCell call(TableColumn param) 
            {
                return new TableCell<Person, String>() 
                {
                    @Override
                    public void updateItem(String item, boolean empty) {
                        super.updateItem(item, empty);
                        if(isEmpty())
                        {
                            setText("");
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            setTextFill(Color.BLUE);
                            setFont(Font.font ("Verdana", 20));
                            setText(item);
                        }
                    }
                };
            }
        });
        table.setItems(data);
        table.getColumns().addAll(firstNameCol, lastNameCol);
        final Button addButton = new Button("Add");
        addButton.setOnAction((ActionEvent e) -> {
            data.add(new Person("Z","X"));
         });
        hb.getChildren().addAll(addButton);
        hb.setSpacing(3);
        final VBox vbox = new VBox();
        vbox.setSpacing(5);
        vbox.setPadding(new Insets(10, 0, 0, 10));
        vbox.getChildren().addAll(table, hb);
        ((Group) scene.getRoot()).getChildren().addAll(vbox);
        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.show();
    }
    public static class Person {
        private final SimpleStringProperty firstName;
        private final SimpleStringProperty lastName;
        private Person(String fName, String lName) {
            this.firstName = new SimpleStringProperty(fName);
            this.lastName = new SimpleStringProperty(lName);
        }
        public String getFirstName() {
            return firstName.get();
        }
        public void setFirstName(String fName) {
            firstName.set(fName);
        }
        public String getLastName() {
            return lastName.get();
        }
        public void setLastName(String fName) {
            lastName.set(fName);
        }
    }
} 
2
solved Javafx TableView change Font of an Column programmatically NOT-CSS [duplicate]
