Do something like this
>>> import os
>>> for root, subFolders, files in os.walk('/tmp'):
... for f in files:
... if len(f) < 5: continue
... newf = f[:-5]+f[-5].lower()+f[-4:]
... print "changing",f,"to",newf
...
but looks like you want character before extension instead of 5 char? in that case why not just split the extension from filename and rejoin it after lowering the last char
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solved How to rename last letter but not the file ending in python [duplicate]