If your filed is a Date or DateTime, I would use the function DATEPART.
For example, this gets the current year:
DATEPART(year, GETDATE())
View the msdn page for the full documentation.
If your field is text, use CONVERT to convert your field to a DATE, then use the first method with the converted date as your value.
For example:
DATEPART(year, CONVERT(DATE, '11/1/2014'))
Complete Copy/Paste Example
DECLARE @DateVal VARCHAR(10) = '11/01/2014'
DECLARE @Month VARCHAR(2) = CAST(DATEPART(MONTH, CONVERT(DATE, @DateVal)) AS VARCHAR),
@Day VARCHAR(2) = CAST(DATEPART(DAY, CONVERT(DATE, @DateVal)) AS VARCHAR)
PRINT REPLICATE('0', 2 - LEN(@Month)) + @Month + REPLICATE('0', 2 - LEN(@Day)) + @Day
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solved Extract month and day from a field in sql