[Solved] What is it called when a page scrolling does not push the main image, instead, moves over it?

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You could use your inspector and figure it out yourself next time.

background-size: cover;

For your second question:

Different solutions are possible. The easiest one would be linking to an element using an anchor.

<div id="first-page">
    <a id="scrollto" href="#second-page">Scroll down</a>
</div>
<div id="second-page">Lorem Ipsum</div>

You’ll probably want to smoothscroll to the second page. This can be done easily using JS (and jQuery). Example:

$('#scrollto')
.on('click', function(e){
    e.preventDefault(); //will prevent jumping to second page

    $('html, body') //unfortunately you'll have to use both selectors for compatibility
    .animate({
        'scrollTop', $('#second-page').offset().top + 'px' //gets Y-offset of element relative to page
    }, 1000);
});

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solved What is it called when a page scrolling does not push the main image, instead, moves over it?