VM is an in memory, only support queues, non persistent
JMS, separate message broker, support queues and topics, can be persisted
So for VM when you Mule instance goes down messages that were still in that in memory queue would be lost.
This link from the docs gives you even more info:
https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-management-console/v/3.7/reliability-patterns#comparing-endpoints-in-reliability-patterns
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solved Can anyone share knowledge on jms queue vs vm queue. where vm queue persist messages? [closed]