{"id":21637,"date":"2022-11-14T14:23:49","date_gmt":"2022-11-14T08:53:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/"},"modified":"2022-11-14T14:23:49","modified_gmt":"2022-11-14T08:53:49","slug":"solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"[Solved] Makefile in C (ubuntu) multiple definition"},"content":{"rendered":"

[ad_1]
\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n
<\/div>\n
\n
\n

read documentation!<\/h2>\n

First, take a few hours to read documentation of GNU make<\/a>, and read how to invoke GCC<\/a>. You also need to understand more about the preprocessor<\/a>, so read documentation of cpp<\/code><\/a>. You want to take advantage of builtin GNU make<\/code> rules (so run make -p<\/code> to understand them) and variables. See also this answer. You could use remake<\/a> (as remake -x<\/code>) to debug your Makefile<\/code>. You apparently don’t understand how make<\/code> and how gcc<\/code> should be used, so you need to read more. Read also a C tutorial<\/a>, look into some C reference<\/a>, and glance when needed into the C11<\/a> standard n1570<\/a>. Of course, read the documentation of every<\/em> function you use (e.g. printf(3)<\/a> etc..). For Linux system programming, read a book like ALP<\/a> and relevant man<\/code> pages from syscalls(2)<\/a> and intro(3)<\/a> etc…<\/p>\n

Then read How to debug small programs<\/em><\/a>. You certainly want to compile with all warnings and debug info.<\/p>\n

\n

a better Makefile<\/code><\/h2>\n

You might try something like:<\/p>\n

# a better Makefile\n# your C compiler\nCC= gcc\n\n# the verbose remove\nRM= rm -vf\n\n# your C compilation flags\nCFLAGS= -Wall -Wextra -g\n\n# your C source files\nMY_CSOURCES= logfind.c cmdargutils.c filesystem_utils.c file_utils.c strutils.c\n\n# the corresponding object files\nMY_OBJECTS= $(patsubst %.c, %.o, $(MY_CSOURCES))\n\n# the conventional phony targets\n.PHONY: all clean\n\n# the only program is for the default target all\nall: logfind\nlogfind: $(MY_OBJECTS)\n     $(LINK.c) $< -o $@\n\n# cleaning the mess\nclean: \n     $(RM) logfind *.o *~\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Of course, you need dependencies for object files on header files. You could compute them automatically, but it is simpler to explicit them, so add something like:<\/p>\n
strutils.o: strutils.c strutils.h\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
and so on for each other object files.<\/p>\n
BTW my HelloWorld\/<\/a> directory on github is a tutorial example for using make<\/code><\/p>\n
\n
your multiple definition<\/em> bug<\/h2>\n
You are getting multiple definition of MAX_LINE<\/code> because it is defined<\/em> in a header file included by several translation units<\/a>, hence several translation units define it.<\/p>\n
So either make it a preprocessor constant #define MAX_LINE 1024<\/code> in your header file_utils.h<\/code>, or put there only a declaration<\/em> like extern const int MAX_LINE;<\/code> and define<\/em> it only once in a single translation unit, as const int MAX_LINE=1024;<\/code> in file_utils.c<\/code><\/p>\n
\n
general hints<\/h2>\n
I strongly recommend doing some iterative and incremental development<\/a>: code only one or two dozen lines at once, then compile them, improve them to get no warnings, debug them with the GDB debugger<\/a> and test them. At last repeat all this till satisfied. I do recommend using also a version control<\/a> system (like git<\/a>) even for school homework.<\/p>\n
You might want to use valgrind<\/a> to hunt memory leaks<\/a> and other dynamic memory allocation<\/a> bugs.<\/p>\n
You could also use some static source analyzer like clang-analyzer<\/a> or even Frama-C<\/a>.<\/p>\n
Once your program is debugged, you might add optimization flags<\/a> like -O2<\/code> into your CFLAGS<\/code> (in particular if you benchmark it with time(1)<\/a>).<\/p>\n
You could be interested by ntfw(3)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
            2<\/span> <\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
[ad_2]<\/p>\n
solved Makefile in C (ubuntu) multiple definition <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[ad_1] read documentation! First, take a few hours to read documentation of GNU make, and read how to invoke GCC. You also need to understand more about the preprocessor, so read documentation of cpp. You want to take advantage of builtin GNU make rules (so run make -p to understand them) and variables. See also … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[320],"tags":[324,950],"class_list":["post-21637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-solved","tag-c","tag-makefile"],"yoast_head":"\n[Solved] Makefile in C (ubuntu) multiple definition - JassWeb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"[Solved] Makefile in C (ubuntu) multiple definition - JassWeb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[ad_1] read documentation! First, take a few hours to read documentation of GNU make, and read how to invoke GCC. You also need to understand more about the preprocessor, so read documentation of cpp. You want to take advantage of builtin GNU make rules (so run make -p to understand them) and variables. See also ... Read more\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"JassWeb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-11-14T08:53:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Kirat\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Kirat\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Kirat\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#\/schema\/person\/65c9c7b7958150c0dc8371fa35dd7c31\"},\"headline\":\"[Solved] Makefile in C (ubuntu) multiple definition\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-11-14T08:53:49+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/\"},\"wordCount\":386,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"c++\",\"makefile\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Solved\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/\",\"name\":\"[Solved] Makefile in C (ubuntu) multiple definition - JassWeb\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2022-11-14T08:53:49+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"[Solved] Makefile in C (ubuntu) multiple definition\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/\",\"name\":\"JassWeb\",\"description\":\"Build High-quality Websites\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Jass Web\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/jass-website-logo-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/jass-website-logo-1.png\",\"width\":693,\"height\":132,\"caption\":\"Jass Web\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#\/schema\/person\/65c9c7b7958150c0dc8371fa35dd7c31\",\"name\":\"Kirat\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/1261af3c9451399fa1336d28b98ea3bb.jpg?ver=1775193939\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/1261af3c9451399fa1336d28b98ea3bb.jpg?ver=1775193939\",\"caption\":\"Kirat\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/jassweb.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/author\/jaspritsinghghumangmail-com\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"[Solved] Makefile in C (ubuntu) multiple definition - JassWeb","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"[Solved] Makefile in C (ubuntu) multiple definition - JassWeb","og_description":"[ad_1] read documentation! First, take a few hours to read documentation of GNU make, and read how to invoke GCC. You also need to understand more about the preprocessor, so read documentation of cpp. You want to take advantage of builtin GNU make rules (so run make -p to understand them) and variables. See also ... Read more","og_url":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/","og_site_name":"JassWeb","article_published_time":"2022-11-14T08:53:49+00:00","author":"Kirat","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Kirat","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/"},"author":{"name":"Kirat","@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#\/schema\/person\/65c9c7b7958150c0dc8371fa35dd7c31"},"headline":"[Solved] Makefile in C (ubuntu) multiple definition","datePublished":"2022-11-14T08:53:49+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/"},"wordCount":386,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#organization"},"keywords":["c++","makefile"],"articleSection":["Solved"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/","url":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/","name":"[Solved] Makefile in C (ubuntu) multiple definition - JassWeb","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#website"},"datePublished":"2022-11-14T08:53:49+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/solved-makefile-in-c-ubuntu-multiple-definition\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"[Solved] Makefile in C (ubuntu) multiple definition"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#website","url":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/","name":"JassWeb","description":"Build High-quality Websites","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#organization","name":"Jass Web","url":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/jass-website-logo-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/jass-website-logo-1.png","width":693,"height":132,"caption":"Jass Web"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#\/schema\/person\/65c9c7b7958150c0dc8371fa35dd7c31","name":"Kirat","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/1261af3c9451399fa1336d28b98ea3bb.jpg?ver=1775193939","contentUrl":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-content\/litespeed\/avatar\/1261af3c9451399fa1336d28b98ea3bb.jpg?ver=1775193939","caption":"Kirat"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/jassweb.com"],"url":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/author\/jaspritsinghghumangmail-com\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21637"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21637\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jassweb.com\/solved\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}